In Hornblower and the Atropos, one of the C. Only five examples of this bill are known, and "none exist outside of institutional collections."Ī fiction based on fact novel, A Spurious Brood outlines a possible explanation for the sabotage of Speedwell, based on the true story of Katherine More, whose children were sent to America on board Mayflower. The Embarkation of the Pilgrims is depicted on the reverse of the 10,000 dollar bill ( Federal Reserve Note) issued in 1918. The 1857 work measures about 4 by 6 feet (1.2 by 1.8 m).
The paintings are similar except for lighting and a few minor changes. Weir would later paint another, much smaller oil on canvas that is now displayed in the Brooklyn Museum of Art. The historical event dramatized took place on 22 July 1620. Known as The Embarkation of the Pilgrims, the 12 by 18 feet (3.7 by 5.5 m) painting is a scene on board Speedwell while harboured in Delfs Haven, Holland. In 1837, Robert Walter Weir was commissioned by the United States Congress to paint an historical depiction of the Pilgrims. Speedwell in art The reverse of the $10,000 bill shows a scene from Weir's painting of Speedwell. The ship then returned to England and was then refitted and sold. Under the ownership of Captain John Thomas Chappell, the Speedwell sailed again on from Southampton, finally arriving in Virginia. The ship was apparently in use by the Royal Navy in 1624 when it was used by Royal Navy Captain John Chudleigh (MP for Lostwithiel) to transport the German commander Ernst von Mansfeld to London. Philippe de Lannoy on Speedwell made the trip. Speedwell's replacement, Fortune, eventually followed, arriving at Plymouth Colony one year later on 9 November 1621. She left Plymouth on Septemand entered Cape Cod Bay on 11 November. For a third time, Mayflower headed for the New World. Įleven people from Speedwell boarded Mayflower, leaving 20 people to return to London (including Cushman) while a combined company of 102 continued the voyage. Passenger Robert Cushman wrote from Dartmouth in August 1620 that the leaking was caused by a loose board approximately two feet long. William Bradford wrote that the "overmasting" strained the ship's hull, but attributes the main cause of her leaking to actions on the part of the crew. Nathaniel Philbrick theorizes that the crew used a mast that was too big for the ship, and that the added stress caused holes to form in the hull. Prior to the voyage, Speedwell had been refitted in Delfshaven (Rotterdam) and had two masts. At least two of her passengers, Captain Thomas Blossom and a son, returned to Leiden. According to Bradford, Speedwell was sold at auction in London, and after being repaired made a number of successful voyages for her new owners.
The Separatists decided to go on to America on Mayflower. Both vessels returned to Dartmouth in Devon. On the second attempt, Mayflower and Speedwell sailed about 100 leagues (about 300 nautical miles (560 km 350 mi)) beyond Land's End in Cornwall, but Speedwell was again found to be taking on water. The two ships began the voyage on 5 August 1620, but Speedwell was found to be taking on water, and the two ships put into Dartmouth in Devon for repairs. The ships lay at anchor in Southampton almost two weeks while Speedwell was being repaired and the group had to sell some of their belongings, food and stores, to cover costs and port fees. In Southampton they joined with other Separatists and the additional colonists hired by the investors. They then sailed under the command of Captain Reynolds to Southampton, England to meet the sister ship, Mayflower, which had been chartered by merchant investors (again Captain Blossom). The name of the ship, Speedwell, and 1620 are written in the foreground of the painting.Ĭaptain Blossom, a Leiden Separatist, bought Speedwell in July 1620. Speedwell The Embarkation of the Pilgrims, 1843, US Capitol Rotunda. After hostilities with Spain ended, she was decommissioned in 1605, and renamed Speedwell, after the UK wildflower but also a play on words for its desired ability. During the Earl of Essex's 1596 Azores expedition she served as the ship of his second in command, Sir Gelli Meyrick. She participated in the fight against the Spanish Armada. Speedwell was built in 1577, under the name Swiftsure, as part of English preparations for war against Spain. The Pilgrims later left Speedwell behind and sailed in the Mayflower. The Pilgrims initially set sail in both ships, but Speedwell was found to be unseaworthy and both ships returned to Plymouth. Speedwell was a 60-ton pinnace that carried the Pilgrims from Leiden, Holland to England, where they intended to sail to America aboard both Speedwell and the Mayflower in 1620. For other ships with the same name, see Speedwell (ship).
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